Ebook: Advances in Machinery, Materials Science and Engineering Application X

The 10th International Conference on Advances in Machinery, Material Science and Engineering Application (MMSE 2024) was held from 27 to 28 July, in Paris, France. MMSE 2024 was organized by ISAE-SUPMECA, France and Wuhan University, China, co-sponsored by Wuhan University of Science and Technology, China; Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, China; Wuhan University of Technology, China; China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), China; Wuhan Textile University, China; National University of Singapore, Singapore; Washington University-St. Louis, USA; University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France; George Mason University, USA; Laboratoire Quartz, France, and the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining (IOM3), UK, among others. The focus of MMSE 2024 was on innovations, recent advances and emerging technology in mechanical engineering and advanced materials, in particular, on interdisciplinary applications and the sciences in engineering. The aim of the conference is to address current and future challenges, as well as promoting international exchange and cooperation, and we hope to spread communication and establish connections between international participants and members from various countries.

The two-day conference in Paris consisted of keynote speeches, scientific presentations, poster presentations and technical discussions. The proceedings of the conference contains 130 high-quality papers selected from 288 submissions, including international contributions from Asia and Europe, representing an acceptance rate of approximately 45%. These highlight the latest developments and research trends from areas including mechanical engineering; materials sciences and engineering; advanced manufacturing technology; applied mechanics, simulation and modelling; electronic and electrical engineering, automation, control; civil and hydraulic engineering; chemistry engineering and energy; and other closely related fields.

The accepted papers cover a broad range of topics, including mechanical design; advanced manufacturing technology; applied mechanics; fatigue and creep of materials; corrosion; coatings; electrical power; electronic techniques; energy storage; automation and control system design; robots; shock and vibration; simulation and modelling; machine vision; object detection; failure analysis; chemical engineering, marine engineering; structural engineering; electro-optical technology; autonomous driving technology; and emerging industrial applications and interdisciplinary technology. These contributions from participants were subjected to a rigorous peer review process to ensure academic rigor and innovation contributing to the advancement of knowledge.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the conference chairs: Prof. Emin Bayraktar, ISAE-SUPMECA/Paris, France; Prof. Seeram Ramakrishna, National University of Singapore, Singapore and Prof. Kamran Behdinan, University of Toronto, Canada, for their dedication in making this MMSE 2024 a success. The invited experts and scholars were: Prof. David Bassir, IRAMAT, UMR –7065, Université Technologique de Belfort-Montbéliard, France; Prof. Michael Todinov, Oxford Brookes University, UK; Dr. Qiang Xu, University of Huddersfield, UK; and Dr. Shaghayegh Bagheri, Department of Mechanical Engineering, George Mason University, USA, who joined us to present and share their latest findings. Thanks are also due to the MMSE reviewers and editors for their excellent work and valuable feedback. MMSE 2024 is also indebted to IOS Press for their assistance and support.

Finally, on behalf of this MMSE Committee, and indeed the whole MMSE team, we would like to express our sincere appreciation to all authors and participants for their contribution. We hope that this publication will serve as a valuable resource for researchers and engineers, and especially for young scientists worldwide.

The next, and 11th, International Conference on Advances in Machinery, Material Science and Engineering Application (MMSE 2025) will be held in Beijing, China from 26 to 27 July 2025, and we look forward to seeing you in Beijing next year.

Emin Bayraktar

ISAE-SUPMECA/PARIS, France

22 August 2024

This research introduces a non-linear dynamical model containing Jeffcott rotor with flexible properties and an unbalanced rotating disc. The rotor is supported on two short journal bearings. The disk is surrounded with an elastic snubber ring with significant radial clearance between the disc and the snubber ring. This work considers the dynamic interaction between the rotor disc and the much stiffer snubber ring (stator) using a four degree-of-freedom model to account for inherent nonlinearities. The bearing forces are evaluated by solving Reynolds equation considering short bearing approximation. The system equations of motion are solved numerically by direct integration using the state-space technique. The nonlinear dynamic response results due to the changes in the frequency ratio arising from rotor disk–snubber ring (stator) interactions are evaluated. The present work results show that the system’s response is highly dependent on the frequency ratio, which is defined as η = Ω/ω (forced frequency/natural frequency. Rich dynamics are recorded ranges from periodic, quasi periodic and chaotic.

This study outlines a comprehensive approach to designing, simulating, and manufacturing a 5-ton hydraulic press. It begins with the calculation and design of the hydraulic system and machine frame based on the machine’s specifications. The hydraulic circuit is then simulated using Matlab Simulink software with the Simscape Hydraulic tool to validate the hydraulic drive system calculations. Furthermore, different machine frame structure options are analyzed using the finite element method (FEM) with Altair Simlab software, and the most optimal option is selected based on structural criteria and material usage. Finally, the chosen design for the hydraulic press is manufactured and tested. The hydraulic press was reliable during testing, validating the design and simulation phases. The 5-ton press is achieved by the hydraulic system operating effectively at the calculated pressure of 65 bar, with a pump flow rate of 6.5 l/min and a cylinder stroke of 200 mm. The machine frame exhibits outstanding structural integrity with a maximum stress of 83.635 MPa, a maximum displacement of 0.265 mm, and a safety factor of 2.98.

The paper presents a hybrid method for modeling the dynamics of the rotor system using the example of the spindle unit of a surface grinding machine. The method combines analytical and numerical calculation methods, combines theoretical modeling and results of experimental studies of this spindle unit. It is shown that the joint use of different calculation methods simplifies the modeling process and allows to obtain more complete information about the physics of the object functioning. In the considered example, analytical methods allow to see the relations between physical parameters of the model, and numerical methods allow to estimate the final dynamic characteristics of the rotor system. Since the damping parameters are determined with low accuracy, the rotor system is first modeled without damping and then the values of the modal damping coefficient from the experimental results are used. This approach allows to increase the accuracy of the rotor dynamics modeling.

Generative design in CAD software, driven by cloud computing and AI, optimises 3D models for various industries. It focuses on improving manufacturability and reducing mass within design and cost constraints. This research targets minimising the mass of the wheel assembly, including A-Arms, Upright, Wheel Hub, Brake caliper, and Rims. Mass minimization is essential as a lighter wheel assembly contributes in improving fuel efficiency, braking performance and promotes sustainability as it reduces carbon emissions. The components designed in Solid Works are optimised using Fusion 360, considering input parameters, materials, design constraints, and manufacturing requirements. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) in ANSYS under Static Structural conditions evaluates the feasibility of the design. On comparing the initial and final models respectively based on parameters like Factor of Safety, and Von Mises stress with the prime objective being mass optimization, a 27.94% mass reduction of the assembly is achieved as a result of generative design while maintaining the structural integrity and improving the performance characteristics of the vehicle witnessed a remarkable change.

The drilling working is often needed in mountainous and woodland areas, such as pile foundation construction and electric power laying in mountains. They are difficult to drill manually by workers, but mechanical drilling is easier to achieve. However, at present, it is also difficult to construct and achieve working in the drilling process of wheel walk drilling machine to lead to the result of the less application for other fields. In this paper, a new process scheme is proposed to solve the working technology problem in the drilling process, which can make the platform more flexible and useful in the drilling process. The module design, working principle and technology flow of the wheel-walk working platform are introduced. The operation method and mode in the process are also introduced in detail. Finally, all the technological processes are implemented by the proposed wheel-walk drilling machine. The results show that the designed working technology can make the drilling process easier to realize.

The petroleum perforation gun is a very important tool in the petroleum extraction industry. The processing of shallow blind holes in the manufacturing of petroleum perforation guns is a key and difficult point in the processing technology. Traditional processing requires experienced and experienced turning masters to process, which is time-consuming and laborious. CNC radial drilling specialized machine tools can achieve automated high-precision processing, high efficiency, good quality finished workpieces, and consistent shallow blind hole depths. CNC radial drilling specialized machine tools are increasingly widely used in oil well exploitation. This paper aims to design a hydraulic system suitable for CNC radial drilling special machine tools. Firstly, this article introduces the application background and main performance parameters of CNC radial drilling special machine tools. Then, a hydraulic system design scheme was proposed, including system framework, hydraulic component selection, pipeline design, etc. Next, performance verification and evaluation will be conducted on the designed hydraulic system, including verification of performance indicators, stability and reliability of the system.

As a thin-walled, highly deformable precision component, the flexspline is subjected to complex stresses during operation. The fixture is crucial for the manufacturing of the flexspline, requiring a rational structure to ensure manufacturing precision. In this study, a finite element model of a flexspline fixture was established to analyze the contact pressure and strain between the flexspline, expansion sleeve, and core shaft. By utilizing orthogonal experiments and simulations, the maximum contact pressure between the flexspline and the expansion sleeve P_fmax, the maximum contact pressure between the expansion sleeve and the core shaft P_emax, and the maximum strain ε_fmax of the flexspline were obtained under varying pulling force F, taper angle α, and the number of clamps S. Range analysis was conducted to investigate the impact of F, α, and S on P_fmax, P_emax, and ε_fmax. These findings provide valuable references for designing and optimizing harmonic drive flexspline fixtures.

Mobile lifting jack is one of the key equipment necessary for the maintenance base of EMU. At present, manual mobile lifting jack is the most widely used. The mobile lifting jack is mainly composed of frame, transmission device, bracket part, base and other parts. The frame is the main bearing part, and its safety and stability have an important impact on the normal use of the whole mobile lifting jack. In this paper, Pro/E, ANSYS and other modern engineering software platform are used to analyze the stress, strain and buckling mode on the frame of JC-17B mobile lifting jack. The results show that the maximum equivalent stress of the frame 3000mm away from the rail surface is 107.927MPa, which meets the strength requirements. The first and second order vibration frequencies of the frame are low, close to the frequency of the vibration source, and there is a danger of resonance, so try to avoid it. The research results provide a reliable theoretical basis for the development, technical transformation and equipment update of various types of frame in the future.

As the construction of transmission lines increasingly extends to deep mountains and ridges, the research on mountainous micro-pile drilling rigs and transmission line micro-pile foundation construction technology has become increasingly important. This article discusses the characteristics of mountain micro-pile drilling rigs in the construction of micro-pile foundations for transmission lines and its application in mountain construction. The article introduces the structure and working principle of the mountain micro-pile drilling rig, and analyzes its adaptability in different environments. In addition, the article also elaborates on the construction technology of micro-pile foundation for transmission lines, focusing on the construction process of micro-pile foundation based on the down-the-hole mountain micro-pile drilling rig. This research provides valuable ideas and methods for the construction of mountain transmission lines, and has certain theoretical and practical value for improving construction efficiency, ensuring project quality, and saving costs.

The quality of gear reducer overhaul plays a decisive role in the stability of coal mine equipment overhaul. This paper introduces the design of a loading test system for gear reducer in coal mine. Through the establishment of the test bench, the loading test, temperature rise test and efficiency test of gear reducer overhaul can be realized, so as to improve the quality of gear reducer and avoid the abnormal operation of equipment due to gear reducer installation failure. This reducer loading test-bed can be widely used in the overhaul industry of continuous excavation equipment. The reducer is an indispensable part of the mechanical transmission device, it is widely used in many fields in our country, with the rapid improvement of China’s industrial development and the popularization of mechanization, the use of the reducer is also more and more broad, but in some large industrial and mining enterprises, the working environment of the reducer is relatively harsh, so the design of the reducer loading test bed has no advantages Measurable significance, in the last process of the reducer production of its a series of performance testing, such as temperature rise test, noise test, durability test, overload test, no-load test, this loading test bench designed a small power reducer test bench for a loading scheme, the scheme variable load method is simple and reliable.

In view of the current transplanting technology in China was still in the state of manual operation, not only the labor intensity of workers was high, but also the transplanting efficiency was low. This paper proposed a duck mouth transplanting machine with fast transplanting speed and high survival rate. Through the structural design of the transplanting, transmission device and soil covering mechanism of the transplanting, different transplanting requirements were met as far as possible. The advantage of this design was that by setting the open and close drive assembly, controlling the device to open the seedling at the lowest position, so that it could ensure the seedling upright when transplanting, so as to play a good role in supporting the seedlings. So that the seedling damage probability is relatively low; and the duck mouth device for a single plant operation, there is no replanting, leakage phenomenon, thus the work efficiency can be improved.

Nowadays, rotary friction welding (RFW) is increasingly used because of its outstanding advantages compared to traditional fusion welding methods such as plastic melting temperature below the melting temperature, good mechanical properties and durability of the joint material, high productivity, and being environmentally friendly. Operating parameters are set to suit each type of material, and the operating process is controlled flexibly and easily. Therefore, it is possible to weld a variety of sizes and materials, so rotary friction welding is widely used in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, machinery parts, and automation industry. The purpose of this paper is to study friction welding on lathes instead of specialized welding machines by improving the Yamazaki CT800 universal lathe into a rotary friction welding machine. The improved main mechanisms include the non-rotating chuck mounting mechanism, pressing pressure, rotation speed brake, parameter setting and welding process control. Results of testing rotation speed, vibration, shaft misalignment and weld durability for C45 steel show that the improved equipment meets the set requirements.

Herringbone thrust bearings (HTB) are widely used for their high load capacity, low friction, and good stability, making them ideal for various applications like turbomachinery applications and automotive engines. In this research, the effect of changing the groove depth, which affects the thickness of the fluid film, was studied on the dynamic coefficients of the HTB up to the second order. This investigation is really important in studying the dynamic behavior of the rotor-bearing system. The Reynolds equation was solved to obtain the performance parameters for the HTB. Then, the infinitesimal perturbation method was used to obtain the perturbed Reynolds equations up to the second order. The Finite Difference Method (FDM) was used with the Successive-Over Relaxation (SOR) technique to obtain the stiffness and damping coefficients of the HBT. The variation of the first the second order bearing coefficient with the change in groove depth was studied. The results showed that with increasing groove depth, there is a decrease in the dynamic coefficients of the herringbone thrust bearings. These results can be further used in studying the dynamics of rotor-bearing system for machines operating at high speeds.

Large rotating flexible machines are prone to vibration at high speeds, which is a difficult engineering problem. In this study, we have deeply explored its nonlinear dynamic behavior and vibration mechanism, especially considering the effect of parallel misalignment. Through mathematical modeling and MATLAB simulations, we found that the rotational speed and the amount of misalignment are the key parameters affecting the stability of the system. The results show that the rotational speed and parallel misalignment are the sensitive parameters of the system. When the amount of misalignment is 0.002 mm, with the increase of rotational speed, the elastic beam exhibits nonlinear M-type vibration, doubly periodic and chaotic behaviors, which show high-frequency abrupt excitation; when the angular speed is 50 rad/s, with the increase of the amount of misalignment from 0.001 mm to 0.1 mm, the system exhibits the transformation of doubly periodic, chaotic and proposed periodic motions, and the characteristics of intermittent vibration are significant. These results provide an important theoretical basis for suppressing its nonlinear vibration.

With the rapid development of China’s railway and highway system, construction machinery is playing a more and more important role in this field. Then, the mechanical engineering equipment performance is particularly important. Starting from the application of anchor excavator in practice, this paper designs a new type of propulsion mechanism, which will greatly play the important role and improve the production efficiency when applied to practice. Due to the high recovery, high load and high vibration of the propulsion system of anchor excavator, fatigue failure is easy to occur, which leads to the damage of the whole machine. According to its working conditions and technical requirements, a hydraulically driven chain gear drill device is designed, which constitutes the whole propulsion mechanism. Practice shows that this new type of propulsion mechanism can greatly reduce the hidden trouble caused by centrifugal rock drill and increase the safety and stability of operation. In the future, this equipment can be widely used in the work of anchor digging machine.

A structure scheme of a high efficient saw blade polishing machine was proposed. The machine was vertical and could polish two saw blades at the same time, and the polishing machine has a small area and high polishing efficiency. The 3D model of the main drive is established by using Pro/E 3D software, and the mechanics and vibration of the driving gear are analyzed by ANSYS software. And the formation diagram of order 7-12, equivalent stress and strain diagram are obtained. The results show that the vibration frequency of the driving gear is much higher than the frequency of the vibration source, and the resonance will not occur, and the strength of the gear is sufficient. It provides theoretical guidance for the development of high efficiency saw blade polishing machine. The practice shows that the high efficiency saw blade polishing machine developed on this basis runs well and improves the production efficiency of enterprises.

Due to the actual production needs of underground coal mines, during the tunnel excavation operation, due to the increase in the width and height of the tunnel section requirements, the traditional tunnel boring machine in use may not be able to meet the design requirements of the actual tunnel section, and must be expanded and upgraded in the height direction and width direction of the original tunnel. The traditional solution is to replace the original tunneling equipment, but this method greatly increases the material cost. In order to reduce costs and increase efficiency, it is a reliable and simple method to upgrade and transform the original tunneling machine. The original tunnel boring machine can be improved in two aspects according to the actual use requirements of the customer: increasing the height of the fuselage and the length of the cutting arm to adapt to changes in the coal seam and increase the cutting range and other usage requirements. At the same time, during the design process, not only the increase in length and height must be considered, but also the interference of the size and angle of the fuselage needs to be verified to ensure that the functional modification of the equipment is reasonable. This method not only provides a strong basis for increasing the cutting capacity and range of the tunnel boring machine, but also greatly broadens the equipment’s functions. It is a cost-effective and efficient improvement plan, and it also provides tunneling equipment for other tunnels and even non-coal tunnels reference basis.

This work aimed to improve machining efficiency by adding texture to the rake face of a tungsten carbide cutting tool. To create this texture, the tool’s rake face was painstakingly carved with micro grooves. Assessing and contrasting how textured cutting tools affect machining performance was the main goal. The von-Mises stress distribution was analyzed by simulating the cutting tool with ANSYS 16.0. According to this simulation, the surfaced tool had greater von-Mises stress levels than the non-textured one. Using a lathe machine, experimental machining operations were performed on low carbon steel with both surfaced and standard cutting tools under the same rake angle of the tool, feed rate during machining, cutting speed during machining, and depth of cut during machining process parameters. The cutting operations were carried out with both wet and dry lubrication techniques. Comparing the surfaced carbide tool to the standard cutting tool, this experimental result showed a significant decrease in cutting forces, feed forces, and coefficients of friction. These results highlight the potential advantages of surfaced cutting tools for improving performance and efficiency during machining of low carbon steel substrates.

This paper presents the development of a hydraulic press machine for composite material fabrication, specifically aimed at educational purposes. Although various hydraulic press machines are available, this development addresses specific needs and financial limitations. The project adhered to defined design requirements, evaluated through finite element analysis (FEA) and further refined into a physical prototype. An on-scale 3-dimensional virtual model modeled for FEA purposes. The analysis revealed that the machine structure deforms by 0.57 mm along the vertical axis under a maximum compression load of a 2-ton hydraulic jack, which is insignificant influenced the fabricated composite panel thickness uniformity. A physical prototype was constructed based on the blueprint drawing, and a series of trial composite material panel fabrications were conducted for improvement purposes. Through a series of fine-tuning adjustments, the resulting panels achieved overall maximum thickness deviation of 3.81%, meeting the ASTM D7136 tolerance for drop-weight impact resistance testing.

Severe plastic deformation processes are characterized by metal forming methods where exceptionally high plastic strains are achieved in a single pass due to elevated shear stresses. Additional passes during the process can further enhance strain values. Among the severe plastic deformation processes, equal channel angular processing is the most applicable method. The study introduced a method of applying equal channel angular processing in surface plating. Alloy strips made of AA5083 and Ms 58 Brass, each with thicknesses of 2 and 4 mm, were positioned alongside each other within an equal channel angular processing die. They underwent single and double passes during the processing to simulate the formation of metallic plating under cold pressure welding conditions. While some partial joints were observed. A new die arrangement has been proposed for equal channel angular pressing material processing. The suggested design represents an enhancement compared to current ones and includes an additional feature for processing materials at elevated temperatures, reaching up to 500 0C. The design underwent testing with various materials at different temperatures, demonstrating its capability to reduce the pressing load requirements effectively. The reduction in friction and the use of suitable tooling are credited for this advantage.

This paper introduced the influencing factors of dielectric support process design through material selection, structural manufacturability design, injection molding process design and assembly process design. From the comparison of the main performance parameters of commonly used engineering plastics, the preferred material for dielectric carriers was glass fiber reinforced modified PPO (MPPO-109GF20). Aiming at the design factors that affect the injection molding of dielectric support, the rounded corners and wall thickness of the dielectric support were optimized. The sprue position and process parameters of dielectric support were optimized for the process conditions that affected injection molded parts. The dielectric support must be cleaned with alcohol cleaner. The dedicated assembly fixture was designed during the assembly phase to limit and calibrate the antenna unit. When installing screws, silicone rubber was compatible with polyphenylene ether materials and preferred as the adhesive for sealing, connecting, and locking. The improved dielectric support was produced and assembled in two batches, both of which met the design specifications. The cracking phenomenon has never occurred again. And it had been verified by batch stable production. This paper provided the useful technological design of dielectric support or similar modules as reference.

Nowadays, various problems, such as high thermal expansion coefficient and built-up edge, occur in the aluminum (Al) alloys machining. Considering the widespread use of aluminum alloys due to their advantages such as low density and corrosion resistance, the need for sustainability and efficiency in the Al alloys machining increases. In the presented study, for the first time, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle-doped vegetable-based cutting fluid was used in the turning of commercial Al-Mg-Si (Al6082) alloy using the MQL method, and its effect on chip removal performance was examined in terms of resultant cutting force (F_c), cutting temperature (T_c), consumed energy (E_T), and surface roughness (R_a). The results showed that the MQL method using Fe₃O₄-doped nanofluid reduced the average values of the F_c, T_c, E_T, and R_a by 2.3%, 4.7%, 17.8%, and 13.6%, respectively, compared to dry cutting conditions. While a low feed value should be used in terms of F_c, T_c, and R_a, a high feed value should be used in terms of E_T.