In view of the current transplanting technology in China was still in the state of manual operation, not only the labor intensity of workers was high, but also the transplanting efficiency was low. This paper proposed a duck mouth transplanting machine with fast transplanting speed and high survival rate. Through the structural design of the transplanting, transmission device and soil covering mechanism of the transplanting, different transplanting requirements were met as far as possible. The advantage of this design was that by setting the open and close drive assembly, controlling the device to open the seedling at the lowest position, so that it could ensure the seedling upright when transplanting, so as to play a good role in supporting the seedlings. So that the seedling damage probability is relatively low; and the duck mouth device for a single plant operation, there is no replanting, leakage phenomenon, thus the work efficiency can be improved.