Today, with the popularization of mechanical ventilation and refrigeration technology, humans have freed themselves from the constraints of nature and effectively improved and created a comfortable indoor microclimate. At the same time, the energy consumption of buildings and the consumption brought by these energy sources have greatly changed our living environment and caused serious energy and environmental consequences, making people re-examine the passive energy-saving technology. Taking the natural ventilation design method as the main line, taking the excellent energy-saving building case as the starting point, focusing on the building components, this paper compares and studies the form of the building based on the passive natural ventilation technology.