Phase change material (PCM) can utilize different thermal storage modes to improve the efficiency of electric heating loads. Traditionally, PCM-based electric heating equipment is controlled by users respectively. There is a lack of interaction between the PCM-based electric heating equipment and the power dispatch company. The hierarchical optimal control strategy for electric heating load is proposed in this paper to deal with the problem. Firstly, based on the LSTM algorithm, the energy consumption characteristics of PCM-based electric heating are analyzed, and the load power of PCM-based electric heating is predicted, then the two-layer optimal electric heating loads control model is investigated with phase change thermal storage modes. The upper layer model is developed to minimize the cost of a comprehensive load dispatching scheme, and the lower layer model is aimed at minimizing the cost during peak and valley periods. Under different types of electric heating response, thermal storage response is designed to examine the electric heating load optimal control strategy. Finally, a typical example is used to verify the application of the two-layer optimal control strategy of the PCM-based electric heating loads. The technical method can effectively improve the thermal and electric conversion efficiency.