The complexity of the task of protecting the electricity transmission system is increasing, taking into account multiple trans-boundary risks, factors influencing its vulnerability, grids’ changing architecture and patterns of public opposition or support for upgrading existing lines or construction of new ones. Several best practices have been developed based on different research projects supported by the European Commission, addressing each phase of risk reduction for critical infrastructure, such as risk assessment, mitigation and management. In this publication we are discussing the best practices developed for different phases of the process of risk governance. These practices include assessment, the communication between science and practice, and stakeholders’ involvement and public acceptance.