Contaminated soil, sediment and groundwater are one of the major environmental problems faced by U.S. and many other countries across the world. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has identified several tens of thousands of contaminated sites that need remediation, many of which are on the national priority list requiring urgent remediation. Over the years, several in-situ and ex-situ remediation technologies have been developed to remediate contaminated soil and groundwater. However, in current practice for the remediation of contaminated sites, the choice of remediation technology at a site is solely based on the potential of the technology to reduce the concentrations to the targeted risk-based levels, cost, time and ease of implementation of the remediation technology at the contaminated site. In this regard, there is often no heed towards quantifying the energy and the resources expended, the air emissions, and other waste streams generated as a result of the remediation activities. Therefore, the broader environmental impacts from the remediation of a contaminated site remain unaddressed. In this study an overview of the concept of green and sustainable remediation is presented. A new framework for quantitative assessment of life cycle sustainability is presented in the context of environmental remediation. Finally, the application of the framework is demonstrated by three case studies pertaining to the remediation of soil, sediment and groundwater.