In order to investigate the effect of underground mining on the stability of surface tailings ponds, FLAC3D numerical simulation software was used to study the numerical analysis of a lead-zinc mine, and a number of numerically significant monitoring points were set up on the surface of the tailings pond of the mine, which can automatically help capture the velocity and deformation response indicators of the rock body in the area where the measurement points are located due to mining disturbances. The results show that, based on the displacement and velocity clouds after numerical simulation, the displacement deformation generated by the surface and surrounding rocks below the tailings reservoir location during the entire recovery process is almost zero, indicating that the various recovery stages do not affect the tailings reservoir location. At the same time, the change in tailings pond velocity was zero during the entire recovery process, indicating that the recovery process had no impact on the tailings pond, and the tailings pond was in a safe condition throughout the underground recovery phase. The research results further reveal the settlement deformation and velocity law of tailings pond during underground mining, which can provide technical support for the evaluation study of the impact of underground mining on the stability of surface tailings pond.