For studying the role of energy structure change in carbon intensity in Liaoning Province, this paper uses the modified model of Kaya identity and the carbon intensity factor decomposition model of industrial and energy construction to calculate the contribution of energy structure to carbon intensity change elements and reveal the causes of carbon intensity factors in Liaoning Province. The carbon intensity factor is also affected by the total energy consumption, economic development, industrial structure, population and technological advancement. Therefore, the ridge regression model is established to further clarify the direct, indirect and total effects of the carbon intensity factor of energy construction, and the path analysis is made. According to the outcomes, the direct inhibitory role of energy structure in reducing carbon intensity is relatively small, which is mainly reflected in the indirect inhibitory effect of elements including economic development, industrial structure, technical advancement and population; The proportion of coal and primary power consumption is the main driving force for the decline of carbon intensity, while the proportion of oil and natural gas consumption and energy intensity inhibit it.