This study employs a case study methodology to analyze a sample of major food supply chain companies from 2022 to 2024, with Nestlé as a primary focus. It proposes actionable recommendations to enhance the synergistic effects of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in food supply chains. Grounded in stakeholder theory, the paper dissects the content system of CSR, identifies three critical factors (resources, synergy, and systems), and proposes a three-dimensional synergistic promotion mechanism integrating supply chain governance, government regulation, and social supervision. This framework aims to advance supply chain sustainability, foster CSR compliance, and elevate social responsibility standards. In an era of stringent regulations, heightened environmental awareness, and escalating ESG demands, collaborative governance is pivotal for sustainable food industry development.