Based on the unbalanced panel data of Chinese commercial banks from 2014-2023, this paper empirically analyses the impact of commercial banks’ digital transformation on credit supply and its mechanism of action from the perspective of risk-taking by using a two-way fixed effects model. It is found that the digital transformation of commercial banks significantly improves the level of credit supply, and this conclusion still holds after the robustness test. The mechanism test shows that commercial bank risk-taking plays a significant mediating effect between digital transformation and credit supply. The moderating effect test shows that digital financial inclusion negatively moderates the role of digital transformation on credit supply. The study suggests that commercial banks need to build dynamic risk buffer mechanisms to cope with technology spillovers, while regulators can guide classification governance through the construction of data sharing platforms. This paper provides an empirical basis for understanding the risk-return balance mechanism of technology-driven credit expansion.