With the acceleration of industrialization, the safety of hazardous chemicals (Hazardous Chemicals) in production, storage and transportation is becoming more and more prominent, posing a serious challenge to public safety and environmental protection. The safety management of the hazardous chemicals supply chain is not only related to the sustainable development of enterprises, but also directly affects social stability and the safety of people’s lives and properties. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and strategic value to realize the safety digital supervision of hazardous chemical supply chain. This paper provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the digital regulation of hazardous chemical supply chain safety by reviewing the current research status of hazardous chemical supply chain accidents, digital regulation, and digitalization of hazardous chemical supply chain issues.