This paper establishes a correlation analysis model based on gray relation analysis technology. It solves the main problem that there are limited sample data for space launch vehicle quality problems thus, it is unable to use statistical analysis techniques effectively. This model takes a certain type of launch vehicle as the analysis object. The quality problem associated objects are divided into introducing processes, systems and factors. The number of quality problems occurred is counted respectively according to the related objects, and then the gray relation analysis technology is used to evaluate correlation degree between each related object and the quality problems, which is used to interpret the main reasons for the frequent occurrence of quality problems. Finally, the feasibility of the model is verified by the deductive data of quality problems of a certain type of launch vehicle during the launch missions.