Surge is a parameter that has an important impact on the performance of aircraft engines, and also the main factor that restricts the performance of engines and affects flight safety. By studying the surge principle of turbine engine and the anti-surge principle of rescue aircraft turbo-shaft engine, the anti-surge measures of each type of engine are understood. To provide some help for the improvement of engine maintenance level in the future, so as to reduce the probability of the rescue aircraft engine surge effectively, further improve the reliability of the engine, and improve the airworthiness of the rescue helicopter.