The increase in mobility in Poland is one of the most visible manifestations of the country’s dynamic socio-economic development since joining the European Union in 2004. This phenomenon reflects both technological advances and the changing needs and expectations of citizens. The increasing number of vehicles, and thus traffic participants, poses numerous challenges to society and authorities in particular in the context of ensuring traffic safety. The publication conducted a study of the impact of calendar-related factors (day of the week, month) on the number of accidents in Poland. The purpose of the article was to assess, whether these are significantly influential factors and to present the issue of road accidents in the context of the current state of road safety in Poland as measured by the number of victims and injuries. The number of accidents was shown to be significantly dependent on the month, as well as the day of the week. Attention was also paid to the issue of the severity of accidents in Poland compared to other EU countries, in view of which recommendations aimed at minimizing the number of victims were indicated.