With the rapid development of robot and automation technology, the main structure maintenance robot of building has become an effective solution to improve the maintenance efficiency and quality of the main structure of housing construction. This paper aims to discuss and study the application of the main structure maintenance robot of building construction, and introduces the maintenance robot of the main structure of building construction through the challenges of building main structure maintenance, the advantages of robot maintenance, application cases, robot hardware design and control, and construction effect evaluation, and explains the necessity of maintenance robot for the maintenance of the main structure of building construction. Through maintenance cases, relevant improvement measures are proposed for the design and control of robots, so as to provide reference and guidance for the design of maintenance robots; Digitally empower curing processes with a maintenance approach. In addition, this paper discusses the potential direction and wide application prospect of the future development of the main structure maintenance robot of building construction.