To study the effect of hoop coefficient on the axial compression performance of circular steel tube reinforced concrete columns, finite element software ABAQUS was used to model, calculate, and verify three existing circular steel tube reinforced concrete column specimens. The hoop coefficient (steel tube strength, steel tube thickness) was used as a variable parameter to conduct an extended analysis of nine specimens, and the influence of each influencing parameter on the axial compression performance of the specimens was explored. The research results indicate that the established finite element model can accurately simulate the axial compressive mechanical behavior of circular steel tube concrete columns, and the load displacement curve and failure mode show a high degree of agreement. With the increase of the confinement coefficient in the column, the ultimate bearing capacity of the specimen increases linearly, with an increase of 0.4 in confinement coefficient and a 95% increase in ultimate bearing capacity. The proposed method for calculating the hoop coefficient has a good degree of agreement.