

Glass-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) pipes are increasingly preferred in modern engineering applications such as chemical processing, marine structures, and water and sewage systems due to their superior mechanical properties, including a high strength-to-weight ratio and exceptional corrosion resistance. This study explores the combined effects of local loads and axial pre-compressive forces on free-spanning GFRP pipes through a series of experimental tests. Five pipe specimens, all with identical geometric properties, were subjected to axial pre-compressive forces ranging from 10% to 30% of the pipe’s cross-sectional fracture capacity, followed by local loading. The experimental results demonstrated a significant reduction in the ultimate load-bearing capacity of the GFRP pipes as axial pre-compression increased. Specifically, the load capacity decreased by approximately 67% when the axial pre-compressive load increased from 10% to 30% of the pipe’s fracture capacity. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanical performance of GFRP pipes under complex loading scenarios, which are essential for the design and assessment of GFRP pipelines in practical applications.