Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the storage tanks built on soft soil foundation are prone to produce various settlement and deformation. The stability of the tank is very sensitive to settlement deformation, and the uneven settlement around the tank is the most disadvantageous to the stability of the tank. In this paper, a 1:16 simulated tank (5m in diameter, 1.44m in height) was tested by fiber grating strain measurement with uneven settlement, and the results were compared with those of finite element analysis. The results show that the main stress on the tank wall is along the axis of the tank, and the maximum strain on the tank wall occurs during the settlement process, which highlights the importance of on-line dynamic monitoring.