By retrieving information from self-media platforms such as Baidu through crawling techniques, this study focuses on the enhancement of the competency of ideological and political teachers in higher vocational colleges, aiming to distill the key elements that influences the competency of ideological and political teachers in higher vocational colleges with grounded theory, which is in order to strengthen the construction of higher vocational ideological and political teachers. It has been found that political literacy(which consists of political belief and political sensitivity), professional identity(which consists of professional responsibility, professional interest and professional development), theoretical proficiency(which consists of theoretical depth and breadth of knowledge), teaching ability(which consists of educational ideas, teaching methods and language arts), and personal traits(which consists of moral cultivation and adaptability) constitute the primary components of competence among ideological and political teachers. The findings of the study can provide essential insights for the selection, training, and assessment processes of ideological and political teachers in higher vocational colleges.