In recent years, with the rapid development of Internet of Things technology and its advantages in data communication and information transmission, it has been widely used in the field of shipbuilding industry. In order to realize the real-time monitoring of power quality of electric propulsion ships, this paper proposes a comprehensive energy management strategy for ships based on the Internet of Things technology. Considering the relationship between the operation of the ship’s micro-network and the load demand, the Internet of Things technology is used to load a variety of sensor devices on the ship in an embedded way to complete the real-time collection and operation management of the ship’s information. For the load fluctuation during the switching of operating conditions, the rule-based energy management strategy is adopted. By comparing the simulation results of the built simulation model in different modes and different operating conditions, it is shown that when the load is in short-term fluctuation, the strategy can effectively reduce the power fluctuation and improve the power quality of the DC side bus voltage.