With the development of human society, the problem of aging population is becoming increasingly serious; and the topic of elderly care and a healthy retirement has attracted more public attention. Many elderly people are seriously affected by emotional distress, which results in deterioration in physical health. As a result, the development of smart wearable devices has created the possibility of realizing the idea of real-time monitoring of the elderly people’s mental health. This paper will start from the smart wearable products developed to recognize negative emotions the elderly, then understand the functions of smart wearable devices such as collection, analysis, processing, and recognition of physiological signals, and discusses how to use human-computer interaction to monitor the negative emotions of the elderly in real time, so that negative emotions can be quickly transformed into positive emotions. The elderly can maintain a good mental state, promote physical health, and stimulate and motivate emotional communication between the young and the elderly.