In recent years, the rapid expansion of universities and the increasingly fierce competition for talents have made overqualification a common phenomenon. As a special human-post mismatch phenomenon, the performance of overqualified employees directly affects the future long-term development of the organization. The organizational citizenship behavior of employees is the source of innovation and the key to maintaining the competitive advantage of the organization. Therefore, whether overqualified employees can demonstrate the organizational citizenship behavior that managers expect, and how to fully utilize and develop the remaining qualifications of overqualified employees so that their innovation potential can be fully utilized, creating more value for the organization and bringing higher returns to innovation performance, have become important research directions in academia. Based on the above research objectives and focus, this study aims to investigate whether overqualified employees can generate positive organizational citizenship behaviors and the influence mechanisms behind them. Through the questionnaire survey, 391 samples were collected in this study and found that perceptions of overqualification negatively affect organizational citizenship behavior, and job involvement plays a partially mediating role in the effect of perceptions of overqualification on organizational citizenship behavior. In other words, the influence of perceptions of overqualification on organizational citizenship behavior is realized through the mediating role of job involvement.