

The research shed light on how Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) Board of Directors (BOD) and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) strategize digital transformation for value creation. The research is based on participative action research (PAR) conducted with 20 SME Chairman of the BODs and CEOs during 2018-2019 to reveal their aim for frontiers in digital transformation. The findings show that SMEs strategize digital transformation for value creation along different paths depending on SME business process context. However, the essential frontier for SME BOD and CEO is found in the horizontal combination of frontend face-to-face & digital products/service processes with backend face-to-face & digital system platform processes to reach for collaboration with external network actors. Digital and face-to-face processes are perceived as interwoven for value creation. The SME BOD and CEO aim for new frontiers to integrate horizontal leadership through strategizing organizational- and network development processes to create value across ecosystems. This goes beyond hitherto literature- and practice understanding of digital transformation as a top-down process emphasizing the coordination role of senior management in the SME. A new frontier for horizontal leadership to organize digital transformation is hereby empirically revealed.