The quality and safety of fresh agricultural products have become a top priority in the study of agricultural products, and there is a need to shift from the traditional supply chain approach to a digitally enabled smart supply chain, which can realize data collection, monitoring, control, positioning, tracking and supervision of fresh agricultural products in production, processing, transportation, sales, and other aspects, to improve the efficiency of agricultural production, processing, and circulation, while also enhancing consumer satisfaction and government The paper summarizes the quality monitoring of fresh agricultural products. This paper summarizes the main stages of the development of fresh agricultural products’ quality monitoring and traceability system and the corresponding traceability technologies and introduces the technical characteristics and application performance of IoT technology, blockchain technology, and their integration respectively. Combining the application characteristics of IoT and blockchain technologies, it summarizes the distribution and management mode of typical product identification such as QR codes and RFID tags in the whole process of the supply chain from four aspects: IoT information collection, real-time monitoring, and early warning, product information traceability, and product quality supervision and proposes a kind of application process of pig supply chain traceability digitalization scheme, taking pig as an example. The research results of this paper have important reference value for the innovative development of a blockchain-enabled supply chain.