Recent days, Road accidents are the major cause of deaths. Numerous lives are either lost or at risk due to car accidents. It is a very important and crucial area which needs lot of attention, huge exploration and high priority to detect the accidents, identify the cause, address the issue on time and provide feasible solution during road accidents due to vehicle crash. Time delay and response time to address the accidents are the major challenges to rescue and treat people during accidents and emergencies. In order to rescue and save lives due to accidents in remote places, an efficient automated system is needed for accident detection, cause identification and on time assisting the patients after the occurrence of accident. This automated system has to communicate with the concerned fatalities about the current status of crash and respond immediately within less time. Many researchers have proposed different accident detection and alert systems in their research and survey which involves the Bluetooth, Global Positioning System (GPS), and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), various algorithms involving machine learning and mobile applications. Also Sensors for accident detection are based on the acceleration parameters, Smart phone for accident detection etc. This research work provides a critical and in-depth review of various emerging methods and techniques for addressing the road accidents which must be resolved in order to save lives.