To evaluate the experimental effect of resistance exercise on health management of exercise therapy in elderly female patients with osteoporosis. 79 patients with osteoporosis were divided into the conventional treatment group, aerobic exercise group, and resistance training group for the experimental study. Results: After 4 months of treatment, only the difference of L2 to L4 vertebral bone density in resistance training was statistically significant, after 8 months of treatment, there were statistically significant differences in BMD of foot root bone, radius bone, and L2 ∼ L4 vertebrae in the three groups, and the added BMD of resistance training was greater than that of the control group and the aerobic exercise group. Conclusion: (1) All three groups have a therapeutic effect on osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women. the therapeutic effect of resistance training is significantly better than that of the other two groups. The therapeutic effect is shown as follows: resistance training group > aerobic exercise group > routine treatment group. (2) The BMD increase at 12 months was greater than that at 8 months and 4 months, indicating that the longer the treatment, the more obvious the effect.