The subject of this paper is a broadly understood critical infrastructure (CI) that performs a key role in the functioning of the state and the life of its citizens. Critical infrastructure can be destroyed or damaged, and its functioning can be disrupted both as a result of natural events and as a result of human activity. Hence, the lives and property of citizens may be at risk. Concomitantly, such events harm the economic development of the state. Therefore, the protection of critical infrastructure is one of the priorities facing the states. The aim of this paper is to present selected issues concerning risks and vulnerabilities within the protection of critical infrastructure.