Guiding by Activity Theory and previous studies, this study designed a Social Components Framework of Educational Game (SCFEG) as the theory-based mechanism or framework to guide the systematical design of social attributes for the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) popular science game. By adopting SCFEG, this study depicts the initial design pictures of social structure of the first and second outposts of “Huaxia Medicine Fairy”. This study may bring some guidance and directions for the designers of popular science games, educational games or serious games.