This study accounts current energy consumption of various types of equipments in Chinese container terminals through investigating typical terminals; compares and analyzes the clean energy application technologies from the perspectives of technical level, investment cost, and others; on this basis, construct the predictive model of energy consumption structure, and uses scenario analysis to carry out energy consumption predictions under each scenario and analyzes the effect of policy intervention, technological development and other factors. According to the predictive results, this study holds that in order to optimize energy structure of container terminal, container terminals should strongly promote the application of clean energy to port machinery instead of fuel on the basis of the industrial development and cost reduction of high-power and large-capacity power batteries; at the same time, strengthen policy encouragement and guidance are needed.