In order to explore the distribution of soil pressure on the side of the pile and the bending moment of the pile body during the excavation and pile loading stages of the H-shaped prestressed concrete piles, three groups of indoor scaled model tests with prestressed rectangular piles and with or without prestressed H-shaped piles were carried out, and the test results shows that the lateral earth pressure on both sides of the sheet pile has the same trend as the static earth pressure calculation value when it is not excavated, but the measured earth pressure at different depths is always lower than the static earth pressure calculation value; in the excavation stage, the H-shaped prestressed pile lateral soil pressure on the side of the pile excavation is less than that of the rectangular sheet pile and the unprestressed H-typed pile.