Human Beings leave, the Science continues.

This volume collects contributions to the 19th Italian Workshop of the Italian Society for Neural Network (SIREN). The conference held a few days after the death of prof. Maria Marinaro, who was a founder and a solid leader of the society. The conference was sad for this, but more intense at the same time. With neural networks we are exploring thought mechanisms that share the two features of an efficient computational tool and a representative of the physics of our brain, having the loops of our thoughts as an ultimate product. It is not a duty of our discipline sentencing what happens when these loops stop, but is a fascinating goal shedding light on how these loops run and which tracks they leave.

The Science continues, and we dedicate these selected papers to Maria. We have grouped them within the five themes of: “modeling”, “signal processing”, “economy and complexity”, “biological aspects”, and “general applications”. They come from three regular sessions of the conference plus two specific workshops on “Computational Intelligence for Economics and Finance” and “COST 2102: Cross Modal Analysis of Verbal and Nonverbal Communications”, respectively. The editors would like to thank the invited speakers as well as all those who contributed to the success of the workshops with papers of outstanding quality. Finally, special thanks go to the referees for their valuable input.