In the context of Industry 4.0, Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) and digital twins are key technologies for the management of huge amount of data generated by Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) devices. However, it is still an issue to make heterogeneous components interoperable and make them flexible to each industrial specific needs. Thus, this paper aims to identify the components and needs of Industry 4.0 and proposes a database architecture allowing to fulfill these requirements. The proposed architecture is implemented on a cyber-physical production system (CPPS) and its applicability is showed and discussed through several use cases.