State-run agencies are responsible for dealing with migration of any kind. However, the current wave of migrants into Europe transiting through the Balkan peninsula is not only considered an issue of national interest, but also one of wider European security. This paper discusses how the land-locked transit area of the Republic of Serbia has addressed the complex of issues involved with this recent migration. It examines the laws and acts that have been developed, the role of crime, human rights issues as well as functional complications for the military and police. Implications for broader defense and military aspects of border security in Europe are highlighted throughout.