According to the multiple configuration and fault propagation, embryonic electronic cell fault detection is hard and detection rate is low. Therefore, an on-line self-check method for embryonic electronic cell based on encoding fault detection is advanced. First, each module of embryonic electronic cell is detected with parity codes by being compared with configuration information. Next, comparison results are detected. A self-adaption self-check structure based on embryonic electronic cell structure and configuration is designed. The results of simulations in a sequential circuit with single bit fault of the fault set verify the effectiveness of the method.