The paper scrutinizes the current situation in agricultural production in the Republic of Bulgaria as the sector of the national economy with the greatest significance in food supply and as the most vulnerable in respect to common production menaces and terrorist challenges in particular. It focuses on food quality and safety as the major priority of humanity and the ways of their achievement in the globalizing world starting from the national level plans, decisions and actions. In addition, the connection to the development of tourism in Bulgaria as the most expanding industry in recent years will be considered as well as the importance of risk management in food supply. The following questions are discussed: the importance of agriculture and food safety in the contemporary world; the state-of-art of agricultural production and food safety in the Republic of Bulgaria as a Balkan country and as a member of the European Union; common threats and probable targets of terrorist attacks affecting agricultural and tourism sector and having impacts on food quality and safety; legislation, national and local authorities’ responsibilities and competences in forecasting and preventing terrorist attacks, especially those considering agricultural produce and tourist services; recommendations for assuring food security in national and international aspects. The conclusion summarizes the findings concerning current and possible future national contributions to global antiterrorist responses. It will stress the crucial issue of international cooperation in counteracting terrorism threats and attacks.