The Anthrax attacks in the Fall of 2001 resulted in a heightened awareness of the role radiation plays in the inactivation of BioTerrorism Agents. After a review of thousands of proposals to decontaminate mail, only X‐ray and Electron Beam solutions were implemented by the United States Postal Service. A brief overview of the current process used to sanitize the US mail is presented.

Often over time, radiation solutions for industrial, scientific, and government applications are displaced by less sophisticated alternatives. A comparison of the radiation solution to other technologies is presented to suggest why, in the case of BioTerrorism, the radiation solution is here to stay. Military, homeland defense, mail, and commercial applications for radiation inactivation of Bio‐Terrorism agents are growing. One of those applications is also presented here.