The shield tunnels in Shanghai, China are going through the transition from the construction period to the maintenance period after they were put into operation. The current maintenance policies of shield tunnel are passive which are not effective or efficient. In order to maintain the service performance of shield tunnel above a certain level through the active maintenance polices, the framework of shield tunnel management system is proposed in this paper. It mainly consists of six parts, which are identification of the elements to be maintained, performance requirement, condition assessment, performance prediction, optimal maintenance strategies and maintenance operation respectively. Each part of the system is elaborated in this paper. With the utilization of the system, it can maintain and control the serviceability of shield tunnels in an effective and efficient way.