A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or system in a given spatial area causing widespread losses which exceed the ability of the affected system or community to cope with it, using its own resources. In this context, the operational continuity of hospital systems is essential for medical response during disasters and it depends on both structural and non-structural aspects. Although many models and studies already exist in the field of risk reduction, the complexity of the system makes the hospital application really difficult. In the following chapter is reported the development of a new integrated methodology and the application to several case studies (seismic risk assessment for both Italian and US medical facilities, and flooding risk assessment for the Italian hospital). A large part of the study was carried out under the aegis of the European Commission's Framework Program 7 project “MOVE – Methods for the Improvement of Vulnerability Assessment in Europe.”