Following its independence from the Soviet Union, in 1990s Azerbaijan started to implement an independent oil and gas strategy, which led to an extraordinary amount of international investment flowing into the oil and gas sector. Today, Azerbaijan's best in class energy infrastructure is critical not only for country itself and the South Caucasus and Caspian regions, but also for the Europe, where some of the final consumers are. NATO could be important in the protection of energy resources and their transportation routes in the region. Increased level of NATO-Azerbaijan relations from cooperation in the frame of the Partnership for Peace (PfP) program to the execution of Individual Security Agreement would be in the mutual interest of the parties, as well as in the interest of energy consumers in Euro-Atlantic region.