The Academy recently discussed the topic of stem cells in the framework of the comments it made about the recommendations attached to the parliamentary commission's mission on the upcoming revision of bioethics laws [1]. The document below results from commission I's work (biology) and brings additional information to a subject in full scientific change, and whose expected medical applications still remain broadly prospective. The results achieved so far underline however, the huge advantage of that research area and encourage to renew our request to provide researchers working in France with the necessary freedom for their research, including on human embryo stem cells.