In the event of attacks against ships and vessels, the role of the crew is absolutely fundamental. Their reactions, or responses to the pirates' actions, can change the result of an attack itself. Unfortunately, for various reasons, often crews are not trained for this kind of threat, their equipment is not adequate, and their reaction can provoke more violence. We have faced increasing violence in pirate attacks in recent years, and the physical and psychological consequences affect crew members for many years after the attacks.

In this presentation we'll try to focus on the training and role of crews during attacks, proposing a deeper analysis of their capabilities in facing new threats.