Located on the Balkan peninsula in Southeastern Europe, with perfect situation bridging East and West, with more than 3/4 of the country mountainous, with about 40% of the land forested, with access to Adriatic and Ionian Seas, and proximity to Italy and Greece, Albania after the fall of Communist regime and opening of borders became a haven for different types of trafficking. Some of the reasons of the sudden outburst of Albanian criminality are the disruption of the Italian Mafia's activities providing opportunities for other ethnic based crime groups, the development of the sense of collective identity of Albanians, particularly Kosovars, required for these groups to mobilize their activities, fueled further by a perception of rejection abroad and isolation, and the process of democratization that began later in Albania, with its unfortunate by-product, an increasing level of crime. Trafficking of women and children became a major issue from the 1990s. In the period between 1997, after the breakdown of the pyramid schemes, and 2001, Albanian organized crime groups operating in Western Europe reached their peak. Nowadays, Albanian OC groups continue to be involved in trafficking and smuggling of human beings. Albania is not anymore an important transit or destination country, however, it remains an origin country of trafficking of young women for sexual exploitation.