Any strategy aimed at the visible threat of terrorism which does not consider the elusive threat of criminal organizations is bound to fail. The presence of members of the Italian mafia in Belgium has a long history. Belgium plays a pivotal role for criminal organizations. As crossroad in the middle of Western Europe, it provides easy access to many other countries. Antwerp and its harbor is another asset for overseas connections. Italian mafia organizations have their representatives in Belgium, and in some other European countries Even though the collaboration between Italian mafias and Russian criminal organizations in Belgium seem less visible than with the Albanians and Kosovars one's, there are many signs that they truly do exist.