Radioprotective agents could be identified as chemical compounds capable of ameliorating the biological influence of ionizing radiation when administered before radiation-exposure. Vitamins, as micronutrients, confer protection from lethal effects of radiation and may have an effect on different tissues. Phyto-foods seem to have beneficial effects on ameliorating and controlling radiation hazards. Generally, micronutrients and phyto-foods members available seem to be safe when used as supplements mixed with drugs. This article reviews the accumulated evidence that: vitamin C & E and phyto-foods play an important role in defence against ionizing radiation. Furthermore, we have discussed evidence gathered from various investigations to demonstrate the basis of the radio protective effects of vitamin C & E and phyto-foods at the cellular and molecular levels. It also provides details on the progress of phyto-foods research for radioprotection.