Most of the antisemitic and extremist threats we face today are asymmetrical – a small group with often very little resources challenges state(s) and societies. No open war is declared, combatants do not meet in the field. A large portion of the war has been transferred to the virtual world – the internet is used to spread propaganda, coordinate, fundraise, gather intelligence, etc. or in some cases as an offensive weapon to launch attacks on critical infrastructure modern countries heavily depend upon. In this short introduction I will briefly address the underlying (technical) properties of the internet that make it so use- and powerful for extrem groups in asymmetrical conflicts. This shall also point out the immense challenges states are confronted with in the face of the internet as a decentralised, highly available and cheap operational mean. How can states extend their influence beyond their national borders in order to effectively meet these challenges and consequently how does national and international legislation have to be changed to allow for effective countermeasure while maintaining the ability to ensure fundamental civic rights?