The Postal and Communications Police Service is the central agency of the Italian National Police that has been entrusted with the prevention of and response to the various and multiple forms of cyber crime; approximately 2000 officers are located throughout the Italian territory. The protection of national critical information infrastructures (hereafter C.I.I.) that support and operate the vital points of the community has recently been added to its competences. The possibility that the security of a countrymay be compromised by cyber attacks on C.I.I. of terrorist or criminal nature, represents a real threat that is presently felt at both the national and international level. In Italy, in particular, a twofold solution had to be reached; firstly, the prevention of and response to any type of cyber crimes against C.I.I. computer systems and networks; secondly, the exclusive assignment of this task to a specialized agency. In fact, art. 7 bis of Law 155 of 31.07.2005 states that the exclusive competence of protecting the critical information infrastructures of national relevance is devolved upon the Postal and Communications Police Service. Following the enactment of the Minister of the Interior's Decree on 09.01.2008, a National Cyber Crime Centre for the Protection of Critical Information Infrastructures (Italian acronym, CNAIPIC) was instituted within the Postal and Communications Police Service. This Centre is equipped with high technology resources and staffed with highly skilled personnel, and will be the sole office in charge of the prevention of and response to cybercrimes (common crimes, organized crime and terrorism) targeting national critical information infrastructures that have institutional functions or provide operating or controlling services strategic to the security and prosperity of the country.