The article provides an overview of certain aspects of mental health in the war-affected population in Croatia and the region. The altered society, destroyed communities, overwhelmed and traumatized parents cannot provide an adequate protective shield for the normal development of children. The article illustrates the needs of children in war-affected areas, as well as possible ways of empowerment of children and their immediate surroundings: parents, school and the local community. Emphasis is put on close collaboration between the civil scene and mobilization of local resources. Establishment of mutual trust and connection, between the civil scene and governmental institutions is of crucial importance, both on a local and national level. In order to assure normal development and respect for children's human rights, it is necessary to combine top-down and bottom-up approaches in the areas of special state concern in Croatia. The discrepancy between proclaimed values of the society and the neglect of children is also emphasized. Conclusion: On those with the greatest power, both socially and politically, lies the greatest responsibility after an armed conflict, both on a national and international level. An honest attempt to rebuild life is called for. This takes fare more than merely rebuilding infrastructure.