The terrorist attacks such as 11 September 2001 attack on New York City, 11 March 2004 Madrid train bombing, and the 7 July 2005 attack on the London subway demonstrated that contemporary societies are vulnerable to disruption of transportation lifelines. The loss of transportation lifelines can strangle lifestyles and economies by making normal activities difficult or impossible. Existing methods for analyzing and transportation network vulnerability do not explicitly recognize potential impacts on human lives since they focus on network reliability and performance only. This chapter discusses space-time vulnerability (STV) measures that recognize human activity patterns and their influence on individual susceptibility to network disruption. It outlines a research agenda based on measuring the loss of space-time autonomy from transportation disruption.