The chapter focuses on one of the most acute issues affecting contemporary Russian-Ukrainian relations: the Crimean perspectives of the Russian Black Sea Fleet and current political speculations as to whether or not it is to remain in Sevastopol after 2017. The author examines the problems of Russia's navy base located in and around Sevastopol and argues that the unwillingness of Moscow to accept 2017 as a deadline for the Black Sea Fleet to be removed from Ukrainian territory has been directly linked to the Ukraine's intentions to join NATO. Therefore, Ukraine's top priorities are to secure its Euro-Atlantic aspirations and reassure Russia with respect to them in such a way as to ensure that Russia's Black Sea Fleet is an opportunity for all three—Ukraine, Russia and NATO—rather than an obstacle.