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Apart from the few years following its defeat in the Crimean War, the Russian Empire, which gained control of the northern coast of the Black Sea during the 18th century, has enjoyed dominance over the other littoral states. However, the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 has radically altered the traditional balance of forces in the Black Sea basin with Russia losing a major part of its Black Sea coastline. This geographical loss was accompanied by a severe economic crisis that disrupted routine military activity and prevented force modernisation for more than a decade.
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